Clay weekly context brief for the Physics category (ISO week 2026-W32). Clay tracks publications from the Physics feed list. Below are recent items from this category, each with its source and a short description of what the publication covers when one is available in the source feed. Recent publications: 1. Weather Emulators at the Frontier of Heat Extremes Predictability Source: physics.ao-ph (Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28220 Atmospheric predictability declines rapidly beyond the next ten days, such that forecasts at longer lead times primarily convey large-scale trends rather than specific states. 2. Vibe-FDTR: An agent-oriented framework for reproducible frequency-domain thermoreflectance data analysis Source: physics.app-ph (Applied Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28200 Frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) is a laser pump-probe technique widely used to measure thermal properties at the micro- and nanoscale; however, it relies on a complex data analysis procedure that demands substantial domain expertise and is susceptible to subtle human errors. 3. Resource-efficient quantum-selected configuration interaction for molecular properties Source: physics.atom-ph (Atomic Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27777 The quantum-selected configuration interaction identifies important determinantal basis functions through real-time evolution of a reference wavefunction and diagonalizing the Hamiltonian matrix in the resulting selected subspace. 4. A Quantum Mechanical Approach to the Computation of Rovibrational Spectra of Diatomic Molecules in Strong Magnetic Fields Source: physics.chem-ph (Chemical Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27907 In the absence of experimental data for molecular spectra in strong magnetic fields, high resolution and reliable computational spectra are required for the interpretation of spectra collected from highly magnetic astrophysical objects. 5. AI-based scoring systematically underestimates conceptual understanding of linguistically weak students' explanations in physics Source: physics.ed-ph (Physics Education) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28210 Explaining physical phenomena is central to physics learning, because students' explanations provide evidence of their conceptual understanding. 6. A Distributed Acoustic Sensing Dataset for Vessel Detection and Localization in Submarine Cable Protection Source: physics.geo-ph (Geophysics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28306 Recent incidents of accidental damage and suspected sabotage to submarine telecommunication and power cables, particularly in the Baltic Sea, have underscored their vulnerability and the need for continuous monitoring solutions. 7. Establishing an independent measurement traceability for 60-Co Air Kerma Source: physics.ins-det (Instrumentation and Detectors) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27875 An independent air kerma traceability chain for $^{60}$Co radiation protection levels has been successfully established at the CIEMAT Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory (LMRI-CIEMAT), based on the reference provided by the $^{137}$Cs primary standard. 8. Three-Photon Bayesian Imaging of Ortho-Positronium Source: physics.med-ph (Medical Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27741 PET provides functional images relying on two-photon coincidences from positron-electron annihilation. 9. Coaxial Gyromagnetic Nonlinear Transmission Line with a Slow-Wave Structure: 2D/3D FDTD Modeling Source: physics.plasm-ph (Plasma Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27545 A coaxial gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission line (GNLTL) enables pulse-front compression and oscillation packet generation in the 0.3-10 GHz range. 10. Vector field theory in motion: Revealing latent potentials in soccer dynamics Source: physics.soc-ph (Physics and Society) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27838 Team sports offer a natural laboratory for studying collective motion in competitive environments. 11. Is the H Atom Surrounded by A Cloud of Virtual Quanta Due to the Lamb Shift? Source: quant-ph (Quantum Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27257 \abstract{The Lamb shift, one of the most fundamental interactions in atomic physics, arises from the interaction of H atoms with the electromagnetic fluctuations of the quantum vacuum. 12. The intrinsic decomposition of vorticity dynamics on an arbitrarily moving and deforming boundary Source: physics.flu-dyn (Fluid Dynamics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.28763 Boundary vorticity dynamics provides a rigorous theoretical foundation for understanding vorticity creation at boundaries, vorticity-boundary interactions, as well as the rational design of effective boundary flow control strategies. 13. Unveiling Amplitude Distributions via the Ordinal Language of Random Walks Source: physics.data-an (Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28266 Ordinal patterns are widely used to characterize temporal organization in time series, yet they are often considered insensitive to the amplitude distribution of the data. 14. Reinforcement Learning applied to Optimization of LHC beams in the CERN Proton Synchrotron Source: physics.acc-ph (Accelerator Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26697 The longitudinal triple splitting in the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) is a key rf manipulation defining the 25 ns bunch spacing delivered to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). 15. Coupling model of metallic target ablation-plasma evolution-radiation under nanosecond laser irradiation Source: physics.comp-ph (Computational Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26081 The interaction of nanosecond laser pulses with metallic materials involves multiple complex physical processes. 16. DO-CGI: deep-optimized illumination patterns for computational ghost imaging at low sampling ratios Source: physics.optics (Optics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26216 Computational ghost imaging (CGI) reconstructs objects from known illumination patterns and bucket-detector measurements, but quality deteriorates at low sampling ratios (SRs). 17. An interstellar energetic and non-aqueous pathway to peptide formation Source: physics.space-ph (Space Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26814 The origin of the molecular building blocks of life is a central question in science. 18. A review of the classical Doppler effect based on the mathematical description of the phase function Source: physics.class-ph (Classical Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08566 The classical Doppler effect is explicitly reformulated by determining the phase function associated with a moving source. 19. Computational modelling reveals advantages of ventricular over atrial cardiomyocytes to power self-guided biorobots Source: physics.bio-ph (Biological Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.24565 Solid tumours and other hypoxic regions are difficult to treat with conventional systemic drug delivery, which distributes therapeutics non-specifically and increases toxicity in off-target sites. 20. An unstructured-grid, nonhydrostatic, GVC ocean model Part I: Model description and application of vertical hybrid coordinates to internal solitary waves Source: physics.ao-ph (Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28356 We present a nonhydrostatic ocean model with a horizontally unstructured, C-grid and a moving, generalized vertical coordinate (GVC) designed for the simulation of nonhydrostatic processes in realistic ocean domains. 21. Matching Trace Element Distribution to Mineralogical Phases in Ancient Biotechnology-Derived Metallic Salts: a Multimodal Analysis Source: physics.app-ph (Applied Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28492 Conventional X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis applied to the investigation of ancient metal salts used as pigments and/or therapeutics provide bulk average compositions in two stand-alone data sets; however, major elements aside, these two sets cannot inform on the spatial distribution of one with respect to the other. 22. What is a Schiff moment anyway? Source: physics.atom-ph (Atomic Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07217 Schiff moments of atomic nuclei are of considerable interest to experiments searching for undiscovered new physics that breaks time-reversal symmetry. 23. Nonclassical condensation pathways revealed by the multivariable theory of nucleation Source: physics.chem-ph (Chemical Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27997 We extend classical nucleation theory (CNT) by explicitly incorporating the multidimensional nature of nucleation and the coupled roles of kinetics and thermodynamics. 24. Studying Circular Motion with an AI-Generated Smartphone Physics Lab Source: physics.ed-ph (Physics Education) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28352 Smartphones have become a standard measurement instrument in the physics laboratory. 25. Reliability-calibrated deep residual full-waveform inversion using geometry-invariant physics encoding: synthetic validation and zero-shot Marmousi-2 testing Source: physics.geo-ph (Geophysics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28535 Neural networks that map seismic data directly to velocity models tend to memorize the acquisition geometry they were trained on, and their uncertainty estimates are rarely trustworthy once the data drift away from the training distribution. 26. On a Liquid Krypton TPC for double positron decay searches Source: physics.ins-det (Instrumentation and Detectors) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28360 Double positron decay features the emission of four 511 keV gamma rays from positron alongside the well-known 'double blob' signature which can be tracked with a TPC. 27. A reduced viscoelastic FDTD formulation for ultrasound-driven shear wave propagation in soft tissue Source: physics.med-ph (Medical Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28414 Ultrasound-driven shear wave propagation in soft tissue underlies shear wave elastography (SWE) and emerging elastomechanical hypotheses of ultrasonic neuromodulation, both of which require accurate, efficient modeling of radiation-force--induced tissue motion. 28. Effect of confinement anisotropy on particle transport and structural relaxation of finite dust clusters in complex plasma Source: physics.plasm-ph (Plasma Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28189 A finite dusty plasma cluster of charged microparticles confined in an anisotropic potential well is investigated experimentally and through Langevin dynamics simulations. 29. High-fidelity inference of power grid frequency distributions Source: physics.soc-ph (Physics and Society) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28232 Precision measurements of power grid frequency track energy supply-demand imbalances, with persistent fluctuations indicating strain that can lead to outages. 30. LLM-Guided Initialization for Accelerated Hybrid Quantum-Classical Medical Image Classification Source: quant-ph (Quantum Physics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27262 Variational quantum algorithms often encounter barren plateaus, where cost gradients decay rapidly with increasing circuit depth, undermining the trainability of parameterized quantum circuits. 31. Control of deterministic breakdown to turbulence of hypersonic boundary layer with spanwise non-uniform surface temperature Source: physics.flu-dyn (Fluid Dynamics) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22545 Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of a Mach 6 boundary layer over a flat plate is performed to assess the effect of spanwise non-uniform surface temperature on breakdown to turbulence under deterministic forcing. 32. DoTime: A Synthetic Benchmark Generator for Interventional and Counterfactual Time Series Source: physics.data-an (Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability) Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.27263 Most benchmarks for causal inference over time series are observational, small, or domain-specific, leaving interventional and counterfactual estimation under-served exactly where it matters most, such as in healthcare, policy evaluation, and climate science. Sources in this brief: physics.acc-ph (Accelerator Physics); physics.ao-ph (Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics); physics.app-ph (Applied Physics); physics.atom-ph (Atomic Physics); physics.bio-ph (Biological Physics); physics.chem-ph (Chemical Physics); physics.class-ph (Classical Physics); physics.comp-ph (Computational Physics); physics.data-an (Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability); physics.ed-ph (Physics Education); physics.flu-dyn (Fluid Dynamics); physics.geo-ph (Geophysics); physics.ins-det (Instrumentation and Detectors); physics.med-ph (Medical Physics); physics.optics (Optics); physics.plasm-ph (Plasma Physics); physics.soc-ph (Physics and Society); physics.space-ph (Space Physics); quant-ph (Quantum Physics). Selected 32 of 403 available items for this weekly brief.