Clay weekly context brief for the Astro category (ISO week 2026-W35).

Clay tracks publications from the Astro feed list. Below are recent items from this category, each with its source and a short description of what the publication covers when one is available in the source feed.

Recent publications:
1. CO rotational line emission in very red carbon stars in the Magellanic Clouds
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.16456
   Stars of low and intermediate initial mass lose most of their stellar mass at the end of their lives during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase.
2. Controlling artificial surface heating in neutron star simulations: Application to hybrid equations of state
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.16945
   The treatment of the stellar surface in binary neutron star simulations is crucial for the accuracy of the numerical evolution and the physical reliability of the predicted observables.
3. The Baryonic Faber-Jackson Relation and Fundamental Plane of Galaxy Groups, Elliptical Galaxies, and Dwarf Galaxies
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26965
   The baryonic Faber-Jackson relation (BFJR) links the baryonic mass of pressure-supported systems to their mean velocity dispersion.
4. Measuring Primitive Accumulation: An Information-Theoretic Approach to Capitalist Enclosure in PIK2, Indonesia
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13715
   Large-scale land enclosure for speculative mega-development constitutes a non-equilibrium spatial process whose velocity, topology, and irreversibility remain poorly quantified.
5. How Inflation Might Explain Large-Scale Anisotropy
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19765
   Several recent observational analyses have suggested the possible existence of a large-scale anisotropy in our Universe.
6. Hot water emission during an outburst in a classical T Tauri star
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.03503
   In this paper, we present observations of an eruptive young star in the Rosette Nebula, identified by the Gaia Science Alerts system using Gaia time series data.
7. The second Arcminute Microkelvin Imager - Large Array Gamma-ray burst radio afterglow catalog
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13697
   Radio observations of gamma-ray burst afterglows provide insight in to the different emitting regions within the jet, its hydrodynamics and burst environment.
8. PAC in DESI. II. Galaxy-halo connection into the $10^{6}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ frontier
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29331
   Understanding dwarf galaxy formation is crucial for testing dark matter models and reionization physics.
9. MMS Observations of Kinetic Alfv\'en Wave Turbulence and Steep Kinetic-Range Spectra in the Outer Plasma Sheet Boundary Layer
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.07969
   Energy dissipation and particle acceleration in the collisionless magnetotail plasma remain incompletely understood.
10. Towards independent event horizon imaging of the supermassive black holes in M87 and the Milky Way
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19675
   The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration's images of the supermassive black holes in M87 and the Milky Way have provided the first event-horizon-scale views of these objects, opening new avenues for studies of gravitation, accretion physics, and black hole astrophysics.
11. Modified electron dispersion relations in degenerate white dwarfs
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.22735
   We investigate how modified electron dispersion relations affect the structure of cold white dwarfs (WDs).
12. 2D magnetohydrodynamic jet simulations: properties of recollimation shocks
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.19153
   Recollimation shocks are a frequent outcome in overpressured relativistic jets and are crucial for interpreting stationary features in Active Galactic Nuclei.
13. A Comprehensive JWST/NIRSpec Census of Broad-Line Active Galactic Nuclei: Faint, Tiny, but Highly Accreting Sources in the Remote Universe
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03281
   We present a sample of 252 broad-line Active Galactic Nuclei (BLAGNs), incorporating 171 newly identified sources, spanning a redshift interval from $z$ = 0.8 to 7.2.
14. The complex inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 100453 with VLTI/MATISSE
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18981
   The inner regions of planet-forming disks hold invaluable insights for our understanding of planet formation.
15. Diversity of Ionized Gas Structures in Nearby Metal-poor Dwarf Galaxies
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19667
   We investigate whether optical and far-infrared [O III] emission from nearby metal-poor dwarf galaxies can be represented by a homogeneous one-zone ionized-gas model with a single electron temperature and density.
16. Asteroseismic forward modelling of 36 $\beta$ Cep pulsators and inferences on their internal differential rotation
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.10834
   Asteroseismic observations of the interior rotation of main sequence stars have shown that angular momentum transport is much more efficient than expected.
17. Systematic Error in Approximate Models of the GRB Early Afterglow
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.02691
   Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows are thought to arise when relativistic ejecta launched by a compact central engine drive a blast wave into the surrounding circumburst medium, producing broadband synchrotron emission.
18. DeepDive: A deep dive into the physics of the first massive quiescent galaxies in the Universe
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22642
   We present the DeepDive program, in which we obtained deep JWST/NIRSpec G235M/F170LP spectra for ten primary massive ($\log{(M_\star/M_\odot)}=10.8-11.5$) quiescent galaxies at $z\sim3-4$.
19. The muon Moonshot: Moon subsurface tomography with upward-going muons
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.10403
   We propose a novel muon Moonshot concept for lunar subsurface tomography based on upward-going muons originated from the lunar regolith.
20. WIMP Freeze-Out in Diffusive Unimodular Gravity
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19482
   We study a non-standard cosmology (NSC) scenario within the Unimodular Gravity (UG) framework, sourced by a scalar field $\phi$ that undergoes energy diffusion, parametrized by the diffusion parameter $x$, the initial energy densities rate $\kappa\equiv\rho_\phi/\rho_\gamma|_{\text{ini}}$, and the end-of-domination temperature $T_{\text{end}}$.
21. Population synthesis of Be X-ray binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud: Angular momentum recycling and stable mass transfer
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26693
   Be X-ray binaries (BeXRBs) are key laboratories to constrain binary interaction processes such as mass transfer, angular-momentum transport, and natal kicks.
22. Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Holes From Microlensing Signatures in CHIME/FRB catalog 2
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19653
   Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are the missing link in the cosmic hierarchy of black holes, bridging the gap between stellar-mass black holes and supermassive ones.
23. SN 2021pfs: A Type Ia Supernova Likely Affected by Progenitor Metallicity, as Revealed by Comparison with Its Twin Counterpart
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19929
   We present extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations of the normal type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) 2021pfs, which occurred in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5427 at a redshift 0.009.
24. Core and mantle thermal evolution constraints on the onset of plate tectonics and a long-lived geodynamo
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.25232
   Earth's long-lived geodynamo is difficult to reconcile with recent high estimates of the core thermal conductivity, a problem known as the new core paradox.
25. Bayesian Forecasts on Cosmic Superstring Searches with LISA
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19406
   Cosmic superstrings are well-motivated early-Universe sources of stochastic gravitational waves, with phenomenology controlled by the string tension $G\mu$ and the intercommutation probability $P$.
26. Toward Operational Solar Flare Peak Flux Nowcasting: A Strategy Combining Real-Time Data, Machine Learning, and NOAA Flare Detection Criteria
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.20062
   We present the RMN strategy (Real-time data, machine learning, and NOAA flare detection criteria) for nowcasting the peak soft X-ray flux of ongoing solar flares under operationally realistic conditions.
27. Normalizing flows for density estimation in multi-detector gravitational-wave searches
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26581
   Identifying compact binary coalescences buried within the non-Gaussian and non-stationary data taken by gravitational-wave interferometers requires sophisticated search pipelines, such as the PyCBC analysis.
28. Quasi-periodic Eruptions from Recurrent Satellite Black Hole Transits through Magnetized Galactic Nucleus Accretion Disks
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19796
   Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are recurrent soft X-ray flares from galactic nuclei, but their origin remains uncertain.
29. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Panchromatic Transmission Spectrum of the Hot-Saturn WASP-96 b: Nondetection of Haze, Possible Sodium Limb Asymmetry, Stellar
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.16771
   We conduct a reanalysis of the JWST NIRISS/SOSS observation of the hot-Saturn WASP-96 b.
30. Stochastic Schwinger Effect: de Sitter and beyond
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.19378
   We develop a stochastic formulation of the Schwinger effect in de Sitter spacetime using the Schwinger--Keldysh (in-in) formalism, tailored to particle production by non-stationary gauge backgrounds in the early Universe.

Sources in this brief: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics); astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics); astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies); astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena); astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics).
Selected 30 of 349 available items for this weekly brief.