Clay weekly context brief for the Astro category (ISO week 2026-W43).

Clay tracks publications from the Astro feed list. Below are recent items from this category, each with its source and a short description of what the publication covers when one is available in the source feed.

Recent publications:
1. The unified Bound Dark Energy--Bound Dark Matter model: theory and constraints from DESI DR2
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20716
   The unified Bound Dark Energy--Bound Dark Matter (BDE-BDM) model derives both the dark energy and the whole of the dark matter from a single supersymmetric $SU(3)$ gauge group with $N_f=6$ flavors.
2. Orbital Stability of Apsidally Aligned Planetary Systems
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21117
   The dynamical stability of compact planetary systems is known to depend strongly on orbital eccentricities, but the physical role of apsidal alignment remains poorly understood.
3. The Impact of High-Mass Clusters on the Binary Black Hole Merger Rate over Cosmic Time
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20698
   We present a cosmological calculation of the binary black hole merger rate from dense star clusters, using a $\texttt{Cluster Monte Carlo}$ ($\texttt{CMC}$) model grid spanning the full observed parameter space of cluster mass, metallicity, and virial radius.
4. mm-jets in the multi-messenger era
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20741
   Jets and outflows operate across the full cosmic mass scale from young stellar objects (YSOs) and X-ray binaries (XRBs) to active galactic nuclei (AGN), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and tidal disruption events (TDEs), shaping many time-domain and multi-messenger transients.
5. Has JWST Seen Everything? Hunting for "NIRCam-dark" Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies at $z \simeq 6 - 9$ with ALMA2040
   Source: astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20727
   JWST/NIRCam has recovered the stellar counterparts of many ALMA-detected, formerly HST-dark galaxies, yet ALMA has started identifying dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at $z>6$ that remain extremely faint or undetected even with NIRCam.
6. Beyond Mergers: the Role of Metallicity in Forming a Reservoir of Massive and Detached Binary Black Hole Systems
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20736
   Isolated binary evolution is a key pathway to forming binary black hole (BBH) mergers.
7. Nonlocal Gravity, Restricted CPL Dynamics and DESI Constraints
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20720
   Nonlocal modifications of gravity provide a theoretically motivated framework in which cosmic acceleration can emerge dynamically without introducing a fundamental cosmological constant.
8. Dust Activity Evolution and Constraints on Icy Grains in the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21206
   We present Zwicky Transient Facility observations of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS to characterize its dust-activity evolution before and after perihelion.
9. CoRGI in MaNGA - II. NGC 5717: cold-gas accretion and disk growth in a BGG
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20704
   Large-scale stellar counter-rotation, in which two coplanar stellar components rotate in opposite directions, is usually interpreted as a signature of external gas accretion.
10. Study of pulse jitter characteristics of PSR J1744-1134: Towards high precision pulsar timing with InPTA
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20848
   Variations in the shapes of individual pulses introduce a broadband noise component in pulsar times of arrival beyond what is expected from radiometer noise, referred to as the jitter noise.
11. ALMA2040: Understanding the Early Assembly of Galaxies - The Formation of Star-Forming Clumps and their Role in Shaping Galaxy Evolution
   Source: astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20730
   Astrophysics seeks to explain how galaxies form and evolve through the interplay of stars, gas, and dust.
12. EPRV Asteroseismology of the K dwarfs GJ 570 A and GJ 783 A with ESPRESSO. Empirical mode-amplitude scaling in tension with 3D convection simulations
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20985
   Solar-like oscillations in K dwarfs have intrinsically low amplitudes, making them challenging to detect in space-based photometry.
13. Disentangling geometry & growth in cosmic neutrino mass constraints: a more physical split and diagnostic
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20977
   Recent cosmological data hint at a neutrino mass sum below the minimum value allowed by the neutrino mass oscillation experiments, with a preference for the opposite of massive neutrinos ("negative" neutrino masses).
14. Post-perihelion dust activity and a candidate icy-grain halo in long-period comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan--ATLAS)
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21228
   We analyze the post-perihelion coma of the Great Comet of 2024, C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan--ATLAS) to characterize dust activity and assess the contribution of sublimating icy grains to a candidate near-nucleus halo.
15. How Little Red Dots Turn Blue: Evolution of Kelvin-Helmholtz Contracting Black Hole Envelopes and Observational Diagnostics
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20709
   James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed compact, red-colored, broad-line emitters known as little red dots (LRDs), while a bluer counterpart population has been referred to as little blue dots (LBDs).
16. FUGUE: A New GPU-accelerated General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Code with Weak-Field Multipole Self-Gravity and Quasi-Stationary Kerr Black Hole
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20869
   We present FUGUE, a new GPU-accelerated code for general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD).
17. The dawn of the first galaxies
   Source: astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20733
   Understanding how the first galaxies assembled their stellar mass at cosmic dawn is a central frontier of modern astrophysics.
18. Finite-Element Asteroseismology I: Two-Dimensional Adiabatic Oscillations of Rapidly Rotating N=3 Polytropes
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21105
   We develop a finite-element formulation for linear adiabatic oscillations of axisymmetric uniformly rotating, centrifugally distorted, self-gravitating N=3 polytropes.
19. Model-independent parameters from DESI DR1 LRG2 with an explicitly varying power-spectrum shape
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21235
   Distinguishing between dark energy and modified gravity as the origin of the accelerated expansion requires the cosmic distances and the growth of structure to be measured in a model-independent way.
20. Thermodynamics of Viscously Heated Circumplanetary Disks
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21284
   Circumplanetary disks (CPDs) play an important role in the formation of gas giants and their satellites, yet remain poorly understood owing to the lack of observables and comprehensive theoretical models.
21. The Pristine survey XXIX. Data Release 2: Photometric metallicities for 15 millions stars down to $G\sim 20.5$
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20714
   Tailored narrow-band photometric observations are an efficient way to measure the metallicity of Milky Way stars.
22. A model for the image structure and spectral energy distribution of relativistic jets
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20961
   Upcoming advances in high-frequency VLBI promise to enable spatially resolved studies of astrophysical jets across an increasingly large source population.
23. uGMRT Polarization Observations with Walsh Modulation
   Source: astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20744
   In this report, we discuss the performance of the Walsh phase-switching scheme for Band 4 (550-750 MHz) polarimetric observations with the upgraded GMRT (uGMRT).
24. Intermediate- and high-resolution optical spectroscopy on the nascent planetary nebula Vy 2-2: Evidence of binary-star evolution
   Source: astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21988
   Planetary nebulae (PNe) tend to show spectacular non-spherical shapes whose origin is not fully understood.
25. Minkowski Functionals of CII Line Intensity Maps: Probing Astrophysics and Primordial Features
   Source: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21710
   Line intensity mapping aims to measure the total cumulative light of spectral lines from galaxies, without resolving individual sources.
26. A first look at the protoplanet WISPIT 2 b with VLTI/GRAVITY+
   Source: astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21629
   Confirmed observations of young protoplanets actively undergoing the process of formation have remained rare to date.
27. HI rotation curves and mass-size relation for 568 galaxies from the Apertif Wide-area Extragalactic Survey
   Source: astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20718
   The extended HI rotation curves of galaxies are one of the most powerful tools for studying galaxy evolution and for testing different dark matter and modified gravity models.
28. Detecting and Identifying Supernovae in AGN Accretion Disks
   Source: astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21104
   Stars may become embedded in active galactic nucleus (AGN) accretion disks and eventually explode as supernovae (SNe), whose detection would provide direct evidence for the existence and evolution of stars in AGN disks.
29. Multi-Method Machine Learning Classification of Astronomical Sources with Rubin Data Previews: a Spectroscopy-Free Approach with DP1 and DP2
   Source: astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics)
   Link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20746
   We present a multi-method machine-learning study for the binary photometric classification of point-like and extended sources in the Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1 (DP1) and Data Preview 2 (DP2).

Sources in this brief: astro-ph.CO (Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics); astro-ph.EP (Earth and Planetary Astrophysics); astro-ph.GA (Astrophysics of Galaxies); astro-ph.HE (High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena); astro-ph.IM (Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics); astro-ph.SR (Solar and Stellar Astrophysics).
Selected 29 of 309 available items for this weekly brief.